Isicelo:
Imishini yokuqala yokuqhumisa isibhamu emhlabeni yazalwa eminyakeni eyi-100 edlule.Isetshenziswa kakhulu ukususa ukungcola kanye nesikhumba se-oxide ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zensimbi noma ezingezona ezensimbi futhi kwandise ukuhwalala.Ngemva kweminyaka eyikhulu yokuthuthuka, ubuchwepheshe bokuqhunyiswa kwesibhamu kanye nemishini sekuvuthiwe, futhi ububanzi bokusebenza kwayo bukhule kancane kancane kusukela embonini yokuqala esindayo kuya embonini elula.
Ngenxa yamandla amakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa okuqhuma kwesibhamu, kulula ukubangela ukuncishiswa kokucaba kwendawo noma ezinye izinkinga kweminye imikhiqizo edinga umphumela omncane wokwelapha.Isibonelo, amabhuleki ezithuthuthu adinga ukuhlanzwa ngemva kokugaya, futhi umshini oqhumisayo ungabangela kalula umonakalo endaweni yezinto ezishayisanayo.Ngakho-ke, umshini wokuqhumisa isihlabathi usuyisinqumo esihle semishini yokuhlanza indawo.
Umgomo oyinhloko wemishini yokuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi ukusebenzisa umoya ocindezelwe ukufafaza isihlabathi noma isibhamu esincane sensimbi enosayizi othile wezinhlayiya endaweni egqwalile yendawo yokusebenza ngokusebenzisa isibhamu esiqhumisa isihlabathi, esingaphumeleli nje ukususwa kokugqwala ngokushesha, kodwa futhi silungisa indawo engaphezulu. ukudweba, ukufutha, i-electroplating nezinye izinqubo.